Hard steering can be caused by several issues within the steering system. Three common causes include:

1. Low Power Steering Fluid: If the power steering fluid is low or has leaked, it can make steering difficult. This fluid is essential for the hydraulic power steering system to function smoothly.
2. Faulty Power Steering Pump: The power steering pump generates the necessary pressure for the steering system. If the pump is malfunctioning or worn out, it won’t be able to provide enough pressure, leading to hard steering.
3. Worn or Damaged Steering Rack: The steering rack is part of the mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the steering wheel into the linear motion needed to turn the wheels. If the rack is damaged or has worn out, it can cause resistance and make the steering stiff.

These issues are critical and should be addressed promptly to ensure safe driving.

If steering fails while driving, it can be a very dangerous situation. The ability to control the vehicle’s direction is compromised, which can lead to accidents. Here’s what typically happens when steering fails:

1. Loss of Directional Control: The most immediate and dangerous effect is the inability to steer the vehicle. Without control over the steering, you can’t direct the vehicle where you want it to go, which can result in the car veering off the road, into oncoming traffic, or into obstacles.
2. Increased Braking Distance: When steering fails, your first instinct might be to brake. However, without steering control, braking can become less effective, especially if you’re trying to avoid an obstacle or turn. The vehicle may skid or continue in its current direction despite braking.
3. Power Steering Becomes Manual: In vehicles with power steering, if the system fails, the steering wheel will become much harder to turn, effectively reverting to manual steering. This can make it extremely difficult to control the vehicle, particularly at low speeds or during sharp turns.
4. Potential for Accidents: The inability to steer can lead to collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians, or objects. If the failure occurs at high speeds, the risk of a serious accident increases significantly.

What to Do If Steering Fails:

• Stay Calm: Panic can worsen the situation. Try to remain calm and focused.
• Slow Down Gradually: If possible, ease off the accelerator and allow the vehicle to slow down naturally. Avoid sudden braking, which can cause loss of control.
• Activate Hazard Lights: Warn other drivers by turning on your hazard lights.
• Steer as Much as Possible: Even if the steering is stiff, attempt to steer the vehicle to the side of the road or a safe area.
• Use the Handbrake Carefully: If you need to stop quickly and the foot brake isn’t effective, use the handbrake gradually to bring the car to a stop.

After coming to a stop, turn off the engine and seek professional assistance immediately.