In normal everyday driving, the most common type of steering system used in modern vehicles is the “rack and pinion” steering system. This system is widely employed in cars, trucks, and SUVs due to its efficiency, responsiveness, and compact design. Here’s a brief overview of how rack and pinion steering works:

1. Rack: The rack is a long, flat, toothed metal bar that is connected to the steering wheel on one end and to the tie rods on the other end. The rack is typically mounted parallel to the front axle.
2. Pinion: The pinion is a small gear attached to the steering column. When you turn the steering wheel, it rotates the pinion.
3. Tie Rods: The tie rods are connected to the ends of the rack and extend to the steering knuckles of the front wheels.
4. Steering Linkage: As you turn the steering wheel, it causes the pinion to rotate. The rotation of the pinion gear translates into linear movement of the rack, either to the left or right. This linear movement of the rack is then transmitted to the tie rods.
5. Wheel Movement: The tie rods are responsible for turning the front wheels in the desired direction. When one side of the rack moves, it pushes or pulls the tie rod on that side, which turns the corresponding front wheel.

Rack and pinion steering offers precise control, good feedback to the driver, and is well-suited for everyday driving conditions. It is also commonly used in conjunction with power steering systems to reduce the effort required to turn the steering wheel, making it easier to maneuver the vehicle, especially at low speeds and during parking.

Other steering systems, such as recirculating ball steering, are used in some larger vehicles like trucks and SUVs, but rack and pinion steering remains the predominant choice for smaller to mid-sized vehicles in everyday driving.

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, modern cars predominantly use rack and pinion steering systems, often combined with power steering for ease of operation. Rack and pinion steering has been the standard choice for many years because of its efficiency, responsiveness, and overall performance characteristics.

However, it’s important to note that the automotive industry is continuously evolving, and there have been advancements in steering technology. Electric power-assisted steering (EPAS) systems have gained popularity in recent years. EPAS systems use an electric motor to provide power assistance to the steering system, making it easier to turn the wheel. These systems are more energy-efficient compared to traditional hydraulic power steering systems and can be tuned for different driving conditions, offering more flexibility to automakers.

Additionally, some high-end and performance vehicles may employ advanced steering technologies such as active or variable-ratio steering systems. These systems can adjust the steering ratio based on vehicle speed and driving conditions to enhance stability at high speeds and improve maneuverability at low speeds.

Keep in mind that the choice of steering system can vary depending on the make and model of the vehicle, as well as the manufacturer’s design preferences. It’s possible that there have been further advancements or changes in technology since my last update in September 2021. Therefore, I recommend checking with the manufacturer or consulting more recent sources for the most up-to-date information on steering systems in modern cars.

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, many cars still used hydraulic power steering systems, especially in non-performance and non-luxury vehicles. Hydraulic power steering (HPS) systems use hydraulic fluid and a pump to provide power assistance to the steering system, making it easier for drivers to turn the wheel. These systems have been widely used for decades and are known for their reliability.

However, it’s important to note that the automotive industry has been shifting towards electric power-assisted steering (EPAS) systems in recent years due to their efficiency and adaptability. EPAS systems use an electric motor to provide power assistance, and they offer benefits such as improved fuel efficiency and the ability to adjust steering assistance based on driving conditions.

EPAS systems are becoming increasingly common in modern vehicles because they allow for more precise control of the steering assistance and can be integrated with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving features.

While hydraulic power steering is still found in some vehicles, especially trucks and larger SUVs, the trend in the automotive industry has been moving toward EPAS and other advanced steering technologies. However, the specific steering system used in a particular car can vary depending on the manufacturer and model year, so it’s always a good idea to check the vehicle’s specifications or consult the manufacturer for the most up-to-date information on the steering system used in a specific vehicle.